187 10 1886 https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991026_9b724fcd16.jpg 436c46b5277e9a36bbe7d60419b63438 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 3372 Width 702 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 120" h Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.026 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1987 July, 1 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Notes Thematic tour copy: Originally created in the late 1930s in a 3 ½ ft. high size (The small scale bronzes are in a case by Friendly Frog.) Even though there are seven separate sculptures, this is considered one whole piece. The title contains the number 7 and parodies the 7 Deadly Sins, a well known Christian theme. The figures are abstract as they are elongated and reflect a Gothic style. In 1976 they were enlarged to their present size and cast to be placed at Dow Gardens in Midland. Another full scale set can be found at Oakland University in front of the Kresge Library. Smaller size bronzes can be found at Northwood University (not on display) and the Dow Home and Studio both in Midland. Symbols: It's to be noted that both men and women appear as saints and sinners in this suite of sculptures. Sinning is just not attributed to any particular gender. The titles are as follows: The Evil Influence (Devil), Temptation, Warrior Saint, Mother and Child, Eve/ Knowledge of Good and Evil, Pious Monk Saint of the Church, and the Good Influence. Ask your tour visitors how you can tell which are the saints or sinners. The answer is that saints have halo or nimbus. A halo indicates a divine person. It is like radiating light coming from the person similar to an aura. It appears circular in form for Mary, angels, and saints. Early forms of halos appear as a solid flat plate. During the Renaissance artists began to render them as a ring in form. Buddhists and Hindu believe that a halo has supernatural power inherent in all people and things The Evil Influence This figure is easily recognized as Satan or the Devil. The devil is a fallen angel that promotes evil. He has demonic features as in our sculpture. He is normally depicted with a tail, claws, horns, and cloven hoof (Paganism attributes). The image is derived from Classical mythology-Satyr. Horns: connected with Paganism and an attribute for the Devil. Beard: masculine, demonic also male maturity, divinity, and kingship Globe: suggestive of earth Fire: suggestive of Hell where it's claimed to be fire Demonic features: suggestive of evil-pointed eyebrows, spooky eyes, beard, Tail: Pagan attribute, suggestive of animal or Satyr. No Halo: Not divine- a sinner The only male figure of this suite that appears nude. Temptation (Sinner with Serpent) This figure seems to suggest innocence by her demeanor. She is nude as well. No Halo: not divine-a sinner Hand to Mouth: Contemplation or innocence Snake: Serpent, a symbol of evil and biblical synonym for Satan. In Native American Culture it is a good sign for crop fertility and rain. The snake is also a symbol of prudence, and is connected with Aesclepius, Greek god of Medicine. It suggests rebirth and healing because it sheds its skin. It is an Ancient Egyptian symbol of eternity. In African belief it's connected with river deities because it's a water friendly animal and is related to female divination. Hindu people worship the snake for fertility and sexual energy. In China the snake has phallic connections, cleverness, and treachery. The Inca believe the snake is a representation of power. Greco-Roman believe the snake embodies the spirits of the dead. It's the 6th sign of the Chinese zodiac. (From a TV show on History channel April 2010) The Sumerian creation story says the world was created in 7 days by Tiamot a snake goddess. Snake worship relates to Sumerian culture. A snake refers to gods of older religions transformed or the conquest of old gods.. Warrior Saint Halo: Saint-divine power Armor: Europe culture it symbolizes strength, courage, honor, protection, and righteousness. In China and Japan it's a symbol of warrior classes. Beard: divinity, male maturity, and kingship also masculine and demonic Hand to beard: contemplating, thinking Globe: suggestive of earth Mother and Child Halo: Saints- two of them, divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Mother with Child: suggestive of the Virgin Mary and Christ; maternal divinity Eve In Christianity, Eve is associated with shame, lust, and corruption. She was created from Adams rib. The name Eve means mother of all living things. Eve is nude. No halo: not divine-a sinner Globe: suggestive of earth Braided hair: hair of the courtesan or personification or profane love is braided. Apple: temptation; a Pagan emblem of immorality; symbol of the fall of man; forbidden wisdom; associated with Eve who made Adam eat it and were thrown out of the Garden of Eden. Pious Monk Saint of the Church Halo: Saint-divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Clothing: Franciscan Style. 3 Knots in belt: represent the three monastic vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience Praying hands: anjalimudra a Hindu and Christian a symbol of supplication and prayer Sandals: purity, also dress of a Franciscan Monk The Good Influence Reminiscent of St. Joan of Arc. Halo: Saint-divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Wings: supersensory, intellectuality, idealism, naivety, and pride; ability to fly and travel between human and otherworldly realms. Sword: divine will, divine might, rightful vengeance and justice; power of king, honor, virtue, courage, courtesy Clothed body: revealing tight body wear-able to maneuver quickly with no restraint-yet female body clearly evident. Molly Barth copy: Behind you are the Seven Saints and Sinners. Starting on the right are The Devil, or The Evil Influence. Look at the beady eyes and the smirky smile. Next is The Warrior Saint, slightly tipping his head toward Temptation, who is wondering should she? or shouldn't she? She holds a serpent in her hand. Then we have The Mother and Child, and Eve, holding the apple, and then, The Pious Monk, with his nose up in the air, and The Good Influence, on the other end. These were all cast in bronze for Oakland University, in Rochester, Michigan. They were dedicated in 1976, in front of Kresge Library. When they were dedicated, the president of the university, said, "I know which one the students are going to pick out and say who that is." Another set of bronzes are outside the garden room at the Midland Center for the Arts. The figures are very elongated. They are similar, but totally different from each other. They are like the statuary on a gothic church in the niches on either side of the entrance to the church. The figures there of the Saints are very thin and elongated like these, but these have a whimsical character similar to that which you will notice in other works as we go along. You will also see that the very serious side of Fredericks. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Seven Saints and Sinners, Eve Knowledge of Good and Evil [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Figure sculpture, American--20th century Description An account of the resource Eve/Knowledge of Good and Evil, 1939 (One of the Saints and Sinners) 1976 Plaster original Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks 1991.026 The Saints and Sinners, 1976 Plaster originals In 1976, Fredericks enlarged these figures from the thirty-inch tall version that he created while at Cranbrook in 1939 for the Midland Center for the Arts. These seven figures are in the style of jamb statues found in the portals of Gothic cathedrals. Because these figures were attached to columns, they were elongated with unnatural proportions and Fredericks' figures all conform to this elongated form. They are all amusingly balanced atop small orbs. Although they are very similar in style, each one is individualized and possesses distinguishing attributes that in some way identifies them. The theme of this piece seems to parody the Seven Deadly Sins with Christian characters. The thirty-inch tall bronze versions of these figures are in a case on the northeast wall in the Main Exhibit Gallery. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Relation A related resource <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350677755/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Meijer Gardens, Grand Rapids, MI</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350677855/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Oakland University, Rochester, MI</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6351421870/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Midland Center for the Arts, Midland, MI</a> Eve Knowledge of Good and Evil Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Plaster Plaster Model https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991025_d945e4eaf4.jpg e3b73b86b89c0093d0ff430c26265ca8 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 3234 Width 732 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 120" h Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.025 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1987 July, 1 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Notes Thematic tour copy: Originally created in the late 1930s in a 3 ½ ft. high size (The small scale bronzes are in a case by Friendly Frog.) Even though there are seven separate sculptures, this is considered one whole piece. The title contains the number 7 and parodies the 7 Deadly Sins, a well known Christian theme. The figures are abstract as they are elongated and reflect a Gothic style. In 1976 they were enlarged to their present size and cast to be placed at Dow Gardens in Midland. Another full scale set can be found at Oakland University in front of the Kresge Library. Smaller size bronzes can be found at Northwood University (not on display) and the Dow Home and Studio both in Midland. Symbols: It's to be noted that both men and women appear as saints and sinners in this suite of sculptures. Sinning is just not attributed to any particular gender. The titles are as follows: The Evil Influence (Devil), Temptation, Warrior Saint, Mother and Child, Eve/ Knowledge of Good and Evil, Pious Monk Saint of the Church, and the Good Influence. Ask your tour visitors how you can tell which are the saints or sinners. The answer is that saints have halo or nimbus. A halo indicates a divine person. It is like radiating light coming from the person similar to an aura. It appears circular in form for Mary, angels, and saints. Early forms of halos appear as a solid flat plate. During the Renaissance artists began to render them as a ring in form. Buddhists and Hindu believe that a halo has supernatural power inherent in all people and things The Evil Influence This figure is easily recognized as Satan or the Devil. The devil is a fallen angel that promotes evil. He has demonic features as in our sculpture. He is normally depicted with a tail, claws, horns, and cloven hoof (Paganism attributes). The image is derived from Classical mythology-Satyr. Horns: connected with Paganism and an attribute for the Devil. Beard: masculine, demonic also male maturity, divinity, and kingship Globe: suggestive of earth Fire: suggestive of Hell where it's claimed to be fire Demonic features: suggestive of evil-pointed eyebrows, spooky eyes, beard, Tail: Pagan attribute, suggestive of animal or Satyr. No Halo: Not divine- a sinner The only male figure of this suite that appears nude. Temptation (Sinner with Serpent) This figure seems to suggest innocence by her demeanor. She is nude as well. No Halo: not divine-a sinner Hand to Mouth: Contemplation or innocence Snake: Serpent, a symbol of evil and biblical synonym for Satan. In Native American Culture it is a good sign for crop fertility and rain. The snake is also a symbol of prudence, and is connected with Aesclepius, Greek god of Medicine. It suggests rebirth and healing because it sheds its skin. It is an Ancient Egyptian symbol of eternity. In African belief it's connected with river deities because it's a water friendly animal and is related to female divination. Hindu people worship the snake for fertility and sexual energy. In China the snake has phallic connections, cleverness, and treachery. The Inca believe the snake is a representation of power. Greco-Roman believe the snake embodies the spirits of the dead. It's the 6th sign of the Chinese zodiac. (From a TV show on History channel April 2010) The Sumerian creation story says the world was created in 7 days by Tiamot a snake goddess. Snake worship relates to Sumerian culture. A snake refers to gods of older religions transformed or the conquest of old gods.. Warrior Saint Halo: Saint-divine power Armor: Europe culture it symbolizes strength, courage, honor, protection, and righteousness. In China and Japan it's a symbol of warrior classes. Beard: divinity, male maturity, and kingship also masculine and demonic Hand to beard: contemplating, thinking Globe: suggestive of earth Mother and Child Halo: Saints- two of them, divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Mother with Child: suggestive of the Virgin Mary and Christ; maternal divinity Eve In Christianity, Eve is associated with shame, lust, and corruption. She was created from Adams rib. The name Eve means mother of all living things. Eve is nude. No halo: not divine-a sinner Globe: suggestive of earth Braided hair: hair of the courtesan or personification or profane love is braided. Apple: temptation; a Pagan emblem of immorality; symbol of the fall of man; forbidden wisdom; associated with Eve who made Adam eat it and were thrown out of the Garden of Eden. Pious Monk Saint of the Church Halo: Saint-divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Clothing: Franciscan Style. 3 Knots in belt: represent the three monastic vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience Praying hands: anjalimudra a Hindu and Christian a symbol of supplication and prayer Sandals: purity, also dress of a Franciscan Monk The Good Influence Reminiscent of St. Joan of Arc. Halo: Saint-divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Wings: supersensory, intellectuality, idealism, naivety, and pride; ability to fly and travel between human and otherworldly realms. Sword: divine will, divine might, rightful vengeance and justice; power of king, honor, virtue, courage, courtesy Clothed body: revealing tight body wear-able to maneuver quickly with no restraint-yet female body clearly evident. Molly Barth copy: Behind you are the Seven Saints and Sinners. Starting on the right are The Devil, or The Evil Influence. Look at the beady eyes and the smirky smile. Next is The Warrior Saint, slightly tipping his head toward Temptation, who is wondering should she? or shouldn't she? She holds a serpent in her hand. Then we have The Mother and Child, and Eve, holding the apple, and then, The Pious Monk, with his nose up in the air, and The Good Influence, on the other end. These were all cast in bronze for Oakland University, in Rochester, Michigan. They were dedicated in 1976, in front of Kresge Library. When they were dedicated, the president of the university, said, "I know which one the students are going to pick out and say who that is." Another set of bronzes are outside the garden room at the Midland Center for the Arts. The figures are very elongated. They are similar, but totally different from each other. They are like the statuary on a gothic church in the niches on either side of the entrance to the church. The figures there of the Saints are very thin and elongated like these, but these have a whimsical character similar to that which you will notice in other works as we go along. You will also see that the very serious side of Fredericks. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Seven Saints and Sinners, Pious Monk / Saint of the Church [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Figure sculpture, American--20th century Description An account of the resource Pious Monk/Saint of the Church, 1939 (One of the Saints and Sinners) 1976 Plaster original Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks 1991.025 The Saints and Sinners, 1976 Plaster originals In 1976, Fredericks enlarged these figures from the thirty-inch tall version that he created while at Cranbrook in 1939 for the Midland Center for the Arts. These seven figures are in the style of jamb statues found in the portals of Gothic cathedrals. Because these figures were attached to columns, they were elongated with unnatural proportions and Fredericks' figures all conform to this elongated form. They are all amusingly balanced atop small orbs. Although they are very similar in style, each one is individualized and possesses distinguishing attributes that in some way identifies them. The theme of this piece seems to parody the Seven Deadly Sins with Christian characters. The thirty-inch tall bronze versions of these figures are in a case on the northeast wall in the Main Exhibit Gallery. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Relation A related resource <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350677755/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Meijer Gardens, Grand Rapids, MI</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350677855/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Oakland University, Rochester, MI</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6351421870/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Midland Center for the Arts, Midland, MI</a> Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Plaster Plaster Model Saints and Sinners https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991024_543e848f0a.jpg 5f9a081d9e09fa67aebda44401ee6800 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 3450 Width 990 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 120" h Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.024 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1987 July, 1 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Notes Thematic tour copy: Originally created in the late 1930s in a 3 ½ ft. high size (The small scale bronzes are in a case by Friendly Frog.) Even though there are seven separate sculptures, this is considered one whole piece. The title contains the number 7 and parodies the 7 Deadly Sins, a well known Christian theme. The figures are abstract as they are elongated and reflect a Gothic style. In 1976 they were enlarged to their present size and cast to be placed at Dow Gardens in Midland. Another full scale set can be found at Oakland University in front of the Kresge Library. Smaller size bronzes can be found at Northwood University (not on display) and the Dow Home and Studio both in Midland. Symbols: It's to be noted that both men and women appear as saints and sinners in this suite of sculptures. Sinning is just not attributed to any particular gender. The titles are as follows: The Evil Influence (Devil), Temptation, Warrior Saint, Mother and Child, Eve/ Knowledge of Good and Evil, Pious Monk Saint of the Church, and the Good Influence. Ask your tour visitors how you can tell which are the saints or sinners. The answer is that saints have halo or nimbus. A halo indicates a divine person. It is like radiating light coming from the person similar to an aura. It appears circular in form for Mary, angels, and saints. Early forms of halos appear as a solid flat plate. During the Renaissance artists began to render them as a ring in form. Buddhists and Hindu believe that a halo has supernatural power inherent in all people and things The Evil Influence This figure is easily recognized as Satan or the Devil. The devil is a fallen angel that promotes evil. He has demonic features as in our sculpture. He is normally depicted with a tail, claws, horns, and cloven hoof (Paganism attributes). The image is derived from Classical mythology-Satyr. Horns: connected with Paganism and an attribute for the Devil. Beard: masculine, demonic also male maturity, divinity, and kingship Globe: suggestive of earth Fire: suggestive of Hell where it's claimed to be fire Demonic features: suggestive of evil-pointed eyebrows, spooky eyes, beard, Tail: Pagan attribute, suggestive of animal or Satyr. No Halo: Not divine- a sinner The only male figure of this suite that appears nude. Temptation (Sinner with Serpent) This figure seems to suggest innocence by her demeanor. She is nude as well. No Halo: not divine-a sinner Hand to Mouth: Contemplation or innocence Snake: Serpent, a symbol of evil and biblical synonym for Satan. In Native American Culture it is a good sign for crop fertility and rain. The snake is also a symbol of prudence, and is connected with Aesclepius, Greek god of Medicine. It suggests rebirth and healing because it sheds its skin. It is an Ancient Egyptian symbol of eternity. In African belief it's connected with river deities because it's a water friendly animal and is related to female divination. Hindu people worship the snake for fertility and sexual energy. In China the snake has phallic connections, cleverness, and treachery. The Inca believe the snake is a representation of power. Greco-Roman believe the snake embodies the spirits of the dead. It's the 6th sign of the Chinese zodiac. (From a TV show on History channel April 2010) The Sumerian creation story says the world was created in 7 days by Tiamot a snake goddess. Snake worship relates to Sumerian culture. A snake refers to gods of older religions transformed or the conquest of old gods.. Warrior Saint Halo: Saint-divine power Armor: Europe culture it symbolizes strength, courage, honor, protection, and righteousness. In China and Japan it's a symbol of warrior classes. Beard: divinity, male maturity, and kingship also masculine and demonic Hand to beard: contemplating, thinking Globe: suggestive of earth Mother and Child Halo: Saints- two of them, divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Mother with Child: suggestive of the Virgin Mary and Christ; maternal divinity Eve In Christianity, Eve is associated with shame, lust, and corruption. She was created from Adams rib. The name Eve means mother of all living things. Eve is nude. No halo: not divine-a sinner Globe: suggestive of earth Braided hair: hair of the courtesan or personification or profane love is braided. Apple: temptation; a Pagan emblem of immorality; symbol of the fall of man; forbidden wisdom; associated with Eve who made Adam eat it and were thrown out of the Garden of Eden. Pious Monk Saint of the Church Halo: Saint-divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Clothing: Franciscan Style. 3 Knots in belt: represent the three monastic vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience Praying hands: anjalimudra a Hindu and Christian a symbol of supplication and prayer Sandals: purity, also dress of a Franciscan Monk The Good Influence Reminiscent of St. Joan of Arc. Halo: Saint-divine power Globe: suggestive of earth Wings: supersensory, intellectuality, idealism, naivety, and pride; ability to fly and travel between human and otherworldly realms. Sword: divine will, divine might, rightful vengeance and justice; power of king, honor, virtue, courage, courtesy Clothed body: revealing tight body wear-able to maneuver quickly with no restraint-yet female body clearly evident. Molly Barth copy: Behind you are the Seven Saints and Sinners. Starting on the right are The Devil, or The Evil Influence. Look at the beady eyes and the smirky smile. Next is The Warrior Saint, slightly tipping his head toward Temptation, who is wondering should she? or shouldn't she? She holds a serpent in her hand. Then we have The Mother and Child, and Eve, holding the apple, and then, The Pious Monk, with his nose up in the air, and The Good Influence, on the other end. These were all cast in bronze for Oakland University, in Rochester, Michigan. They were dedicated in 1976, in front of Kresge Library. When they were dedicated, the president of the university, said, "I know which one the students are going to pick out and say who that is." Another set of bronzes are outside the garden room at the Midland Center for the Arts. The figures are very elongated. They are similar, but totally different from each other. They are like the statuary on a gothic church in the niches on either side of the entrance to the church. The figures there of the Saints are very thin and elongated like these, but these have a whimsical character similar to that which you will notice in other works as we go along. You will also see that the very serious side of Fredericks. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Seven Saints and Sinners, The Good Influence [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Figure sculpture, American--20th century Description An account of the resource The Good Influence, 1939 (One of the Saints and Sinners) Plaster original Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks (1976) 1991.024 The Saints and Sinners, 1976 Plaster originals In 1976, Fredericks enlarged these figures from the thirty-inch tall version that he created while at Cranbrook in 1939 for the Midland Center for the Arts. These seven figures are in the style of jamb statues found in the portals of Gothic cathedrals. Because these figures were attached to columns, they were elongated with unnatural proportions and Fredericks' figures all conform to this elongated form. They are all amusingly balanced atop small orbs. Although they are very similar in style, each one is individualized and possesses distinguishing attributes that in some way identifies them. The theme of this piece seems to parody the Seven Deadly Sins with Christian characters. The thirty-inch tall bronze versions of these figures are in a case on the northeast wall in the Main Exhibit Gallery. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Relation A related resource <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350677755/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Meijer Gardens, Grand Rapids, MI</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350677855/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Oakland University, Rochester, MI</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6351421870/in/set-72157628015891879">Seven Saints and Sinners, Midland Center for the Arts, Midland, MI</a> Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Plaster Plaster Model Saints and Sinners The Good Influence https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991023_34200ce808.jpg 08df5f9b8f8031b6630adb7cf14516d0 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 768 Width 371 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 134" x 42" Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.023 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1989 March, 22 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Notes Facts: -it's 16 feet high -it's a common sight to a Michigan artist; native species in his environment especially birds Molly Barth copy: The next piece is the plaster model for the Flying Gulls Fountain located in Grand Haven, Michigan. The figures are cast in aluminum which is lighter than bronze. The water comes up through the pedestal and flows down. It really is magnificent! It's beautiful! [work] As I mentioned, Fredericks is an engineer to design this so that both birds are in flight and held in place by that one wing tip. They are only suspended by that one wing tip. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Flying Gulls [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Animal sculpture--20th century Description An account of the resource Flying Gulls, 1968 Plaster original Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks 1991.023 This delicately balanced sculpture is evidence of Fredericks' expertise in design and structural engineering. The openness and verticality of the composition are very dramatic. The large gulls appear weightless, held in place only by a wing tip, giving the illusion of flight and movement. The elegance of the composition is reinforced by the smooth surfaces of the gulls bodies and wings with only a slight suggestion of feathers and other details. To complete this airy construction, Fredericks utilized lightweight aluminum to cast the gulls for a fountain at the Civic Center and Loutit District Library Plaza in Grand Haven, Michigan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Relation A related resource <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350939454/in/set-72157628015891879">Flying Gulls Grand Haven, MI</a> Animal Animal Sculpture Flying Gulls Fountain Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Plaster Plaster Model https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991022_352bc92da6.jpg 07054aa05a117ae16917ac81912ee489 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 768 Width 762 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 31" x 24" x 28" Materials Bronze Catalog Number 1991.022 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 03/22/1989 gifted to MFSM Notes The eagle is ready to pounce on an unsuspecting prey. The head is lowered and the talons are extended. Cast by Roman Bronze Works MF, Sculptor copy: The War Memorial in the United States The war memorial as an expression of proud and tragic memories came into prominence as a theme of sculpture after the Civil War. Often that tragedy was represented in terms of the individual soldier-the bronze infantryman quietly standing guard-an image which spoke so eloquently to our country that it was repeated in a thousand towns and villages. In more heroic form, the Civil War was commemorated by a general on horseback, as if at the head of his volunteer soldiers. In the vast wars of our century the individual was submerged and generals no longer rode at the head of their troops. Memories of those who served were commemorated impersonally by a flame, a sports stadium, a civic auditorium. Fredericks planned one such dramatic, impersonal commemoration of Bataan, but it was never executed. When asked to do a war memorial for the University of Michigan in 1950, he turned again to the symbolic eagle, which he had used in the Veterans Memorial Building in Detroit. The American Eagle in Ann Arbor is a fierce, combative image of courage and strength. A heroic bronze, poised on its pedestal, it shows how far he had come in expressive power from the simple grace of his early fountain figures. The observer who walks around this bronze sees a continuously changing, merging series of views, the work maintaining its vigor and meaning throughout. This is not a one- or four-sided composition but a kinetic, continuously unfolding design. Molly Barth copy: Down below, on this pedestal is The Victory Eagle. This is a bronze cast of the quarter-scale model of the Eagle that was made for the University of Michigan. The talons are grasping a wreath. That is for strength and victory. This is a World War II memorial. It is right outside the University of Michigan football stadium. If you compare this eagle with the eagle between John F. Kennedy and the Spirit of Detroit head, you can see how the styles are different. The American Eagle is very geometric and angular, while the University of Michigan Eagle is more naturalistic. They're both so alive. As you walk around the Victory Eagle his tremendous energy is apparent from many different views. For sculpture in the round to be successful, it generally must "work" from more than one viewpoint. The University of Michigan Eagle is a good example of sculpture which presents good views from multiple angles. Facts: -original bronze is 12 feet in size Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ann Arbor Eagle [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Animal sculpture--20th century Description An account of the resource American Eagle (Ann Arbor War Memorial Eagle), 1950 Quarter scale model for University of Michigan memorial Bronze, cast 1988 Gift of Walter E. Walpole Family 1991.022 The University of Michigan commissioned Fredericks to create a memorial in honor of "The men and women of the University" who died in World War II. The bronze sculpture, four times the size of this model, stands outside The University of Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Fredericks' explains the sculpture: "In designing the stadium memorial, I tried primarily to convey two thoughts: first, the monumental American eagle in its attitude of alertness and strength, grasping the laurel wreath in its talons, symbolizes the eternal, unceasing protection of the honored memory of those who gave their lives for our country; secondly, through the powerful, dynamic forms and outline, I attempted to represent the strength, courage and vitality of the young men and women to whom it is dedicated." The gift of a laurel wreath usually is representative of honor after a battle. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1950 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Relation A related resource <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350570042/in/set-72157628015891879">Birmingham Eagle, Birmingham</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350632702/in/set-72157628015891879">Ann Arbor Eagle, University of Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350114717/in/set-72157628015891879">Eagle, Cranbrook, Bloomfield Hills, MI</a> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/marshallfredericks/6350805983/in/set-72157628015891879">Victory Eagle Meijer Gardens, Grand Rapids, MI</a> American Eagle American Eagle (Ann Arbor War Memorial Eagle) Animal Animal Sculpture Bronze Bronze Sculpture Sculpture https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991021_948b944357.jpg 5c5002aeab6b9e7006d690c5d53785c3 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 632 Width 1024 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 168" l Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.021 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1987 July, 1 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Notes The male figure is laying on his back with his arms extended. He is resting on a school of fish and a turtle. He holds a fish in one hand. The female figure is also reclining. Here arms are held above her head. She is supported by a large bird and has a bird perched on her hand. Symbols: Male with pike: provider Pike: A freshwater game fish, common to Michigan, of the Northern Hemisphere, having a long snout and attaining a length of over four feet.. Otter: symbol of courage; male attribute; Native American: associated with women and healing; helper, leading a hero out of trouble or a seaman to shore. Female with bird: nurturer Bird: connection between heaven and material world; sun, Swans: happy death; faithful, purity; associated with music, poetry and divination; discernment; resurrection and eternal life Another symbolic connection that can be explored is that Apollo and Artemis were twins. Their father was Zeus and mother was Titaness Leto. Artemis, Goddess of the Hunt was also referred to as god of Dark of the Moon. Apollo is associated with god of Light. Molly Barth copy: These two large reclining figures are Night and Day. These are the plaster models for the bronze figures that are in the fountain in the sculpture garden. These were done originally for a fountain at the Henry J. McMorran Memorial Auditorium in downtown Port Huron. The fountain was a memorial to McMorran, who was in the railroad business. He was the president, and when he held board meetings he would be right outside the door, and if one person was even a minute late, he would shut the doors so they were unable to get into the meeting. As Fredericks researched McMorran, he found out that he was very precise, so Fredericks designed a 20-foot-diameter clock as part of the memorial. It was cast in aluminum and gold anodized. [Attention] It was, as I mentioned, 20 feet in diameter. Nothing, at that time, had been done like this. It was filigreed so it was quite a task for the foundry to cast this, but it worked and it is magnificent! It is lit from behind. It shows the blossoming of flowers. This 20-foot-diameter gold anodized clock is on the facade of the building and it lights up with a soft golden glow. Down below in the fountain are Night and Day. Also on the facade of the building are 13 stars that are randomly placed. They light up also. It took Fredericks six years to complete this project. It was dedicated in 1964. It was rededicated in 1986, I believe. [check date] I have seen it at dusk and at night, and it's beautiful the way it lights up. I love the otter and the pike with their fierce looking teeth beneath the male figure of Day. Notice the slightest indication of scales here and there on the fish. It's beautiful for a fountain piece! As he's being taken off by the otter. And, of course, the female figure, Night as she's flying off on the swan. From Archives, written by Melissa Ford: Marshall Fredericks frequently used the figure of a swan in his sculptures. Many cultures feature swans in their mythology and folklore. Swans have come to symbolize fidelity and purity and are associated with music, poetry and divination. Fredericks often employed the swan as a symbol of resurrection and eternal life in his sculptures. Wings of the Morning, Freedom of the Human Spirit, and Indian and Wilds Swans as well as several other works feature swans. It seems that Fredericks' possessed a deep love and appreciation for these beautiful and graceful creatures. Besides sculpting swans, Fredericks played an integral role in a swan nesting project during the 1960s. As a civic gesture to his hometown of Birmingham, Michigan, Fredericks presented two pairs of swans to the city. The Australian Black and White Mute swans made their home in Quarton Lake located in the heart of the city. Unfortunately, several of the birds did not fare well in their new surroundings had to be replaced by the city of Birmingham. During the 1970s, in order to protect the swans and encourage nesting, the parks department constructed a bird sanctuary in the middle of the lake. This tiny floating island, constructed of several government surplus "life rafts", was approximately thirty-five feet in diameter and covered in a vegetative screen of wild grasses and rushes. Each winter, the swans would be removed from the lake and provided with shelter by the parks department until spring when they would return to the water. The swans would then spend the rest of spring, summer and early fall on Quarton Lake being enjoyed by passing residents and visitors. As Fredericks' home in Birmingham overlooked Quarton Lake, it is quite plausible that one of these birds served as a real life inspiration for the swans often found in Marshall Fredericks' work. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Day [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Figure sculpture, American--20th century Description An account of the resource Day, from the Night and Day Fountain, 1962 Plaster original Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks 1991.021 The Night and Day Fountain was commissioned for the Henry J. McMorran Auditorium in Port Huron, Michigan. Fredericks also designed a gold anodized aluminum Sculptured Clock on the building which was completed two years before the fountain's installation. The sculptures and clock, though, were conceived as a whole. An image of the sculptures and clock can be seen on page 141 of Marshall M. Fredericks, Sculptor. In keeping with a long tradition in western art, the sculptor personified time with figures representing night and day. Night has long, smooth, graceful curves, which are repeated in the lines of the swan in flight beneath her. In comparison, Day is more angular and his muscles are more pronounced, as are the veins in the arms and hands. Day rests upon an otter which is hunting in a school of Northern pike and night floats upon a swan in flight, holding a small bird in her hand. The Night and Day Fountain can also be seen in the Sculpture Garden. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1962 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Relation A related resource <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/kmacke/3712394226/sizes/o/">McMorran Auditorium</a> Animal Animal Sculpture Day Henry J. McMorran Auditorium Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Night and Day Fountain Plaster Plaster Model https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991020_aedc849a46.jpg fba469cbfc648bcd8c012bc06076b50b Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 677 Width 1024 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 168" l Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.020 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1987 July, 1 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Notes The male figure is laying on his back with his arms extended. He is resting on a school of fish and a turtle. He holds a fish in one hand. The female figure is also reclining. Here arms are held above her head. She is supported by a large bird and has a bird perched on her hand. From Archives, written by Melissa Ford: Marshall Fredericks frequently used the figure of a swan in his sculptures. Many cultures feature swans in their mythology and folklore. Swans have come to symbolize fidelity and purity and are associated with music, poetry and divination. Fredericks often employed the swan as a symbol of resurrection and eternal life in his sculptures. Wings of the Morning, Freedom of the Human Spirit, and Indian and Wilds Swans as well as several other works feature swans. It seems that Fredericks' possessed a deep love and appreciation for these beautiful and graceful creatures. Besides sculpting swans, Fredericks played an integral role in a swan nesting project during the 1960s. As a civic gesture to his hometown of Birmingham, Michigan, Fredericks presented two pairs of swans to the city. The Australian Black and White Mute swans made their home in Quarton Lake located in the heart of the city. Unfortunately, several of the birds did not fare well in their new surroundings had to be replaced by the city of Birmingham. During the 1970s, in order to protect the swans and encourage nesting, the parks department constructed a bird sanctuary in the middle of the lake. This tiny floating island, constructed of several government surplus "life rafts", was approximately thirty-five feet in diameter and covered in a vegetative screen of wild grasses and rushes. Each winter, the swans would be removed from the lake and provided with shelter by the parks department until spring when they would return to the water. The swans would then spend the rest of spring, summer and early fall on Quarton Lake being enjoyed by passing residents and visitors. As Fredericks' home in Birmingham overlooked Quarton Lake, it is quite plausible that one of these birds served as a real life inspiration for the swans often found in Marshall Fredericks' work. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Night [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Figure sculpture, American--20th century Description An account of the resource Night, from the Night and Day Fountain, 1962 Plaster original Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks 1991.020 The Night and Day Fountain was commissioned for the Henry J. McMorran Auditorium in Port Huron, Michigan. Fredericks also created a gold anodized aluminum Sculptured Clock on the building that was completed two years before the fountain's installation. The sculptures and clock were conceived as a unified design concept. In keeping with a long tradition in western art, the sculptor personified time with figures representing night and day. Night has long, smooth, graceful curves that are repeated in the lines of the swan in flight beneath her. In comparison, Day is more angular and his muscles are more pronounced, as are the veins in the arms and hands. Day rests upon an otter, hunting in a school of Northern pike and Night floats upon a swan in flight, holding a small bird in her hand. The Night and Day Fountain can also be seen in the Sculpture Garden. An image of the clock and sculptures can be seen on page 141 of Marshall M. Fredericks, Sculptor. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1962 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Relation A related resource <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/kmacke/3712394226/sizes/o/">McMorran Auditorium</a> Animal Animal Sculpture Henry J. McMorran Auditorium Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Night Night and Day Fountain Plaster Plaster Model https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991019_cfaf3d5071.jpg c2a5b35ba2bc2850ec98817c46a71ca9 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 768 Width 420 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 29.5 " x 12" x 12" Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.019 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1987 July, 1 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hawk [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Animal sculpture--20th century Description An account of the resource Hawk, auxiliary sculpture for the Leaping Gazelle Fountain, 1936 Plaster original Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks 1991.019 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Type The nature or genre of the resource Sculpture Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Animal Animal Sculpture Hawk Leaping Gazelle Levi L. Barbour Memorial Fountain Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Plaster Plaster Model https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991018_d11500219a.jpg adf24be9e16b8527833257e199533ab0 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 768 Width 389 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 30.5" x 12" x 13.25" Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.018 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1987 July, 1 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rabbit [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Animal sculpture--20th century Description An account of the resource Rabbit, auxiliary sculpture for the Leaping Gazelle Fountain, 1936 Plaster original Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks 1991.018 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Type The nature or genre of the resource Sculpture Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Animal Animal Sculpture Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Plaster Plaster Model Rabbit https://omeka2.svsu.edu/files/original/1991017_97c329bae3.jpg 0e8a8a92e7b64f793a13b4e085dafa56 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 768 Width 512 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Objects Collection Sculpture Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 28.75" x 12" x 13.5" Materials Plaster full-scale Catalog Number 1991.017 Object Location Location of object in collection. Main Exhibit Gallery Provenance 1987 July, 1 Gift to Museum and SVSU Board of Control Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grouse [Plaster] Subject The topic of the resource Animal sculpture--20th century Description An account of the resource Grouse, auxiliary sculpture for the Leaping Gazelle Fountain, 1936 Plaster, 1987 Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks 1991.017 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Type The nature or genre of the resource Sculpture Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant University Center (Mich.) Animal Animal Sculpture Leaping Gazelle Levi L. Barbour Memorial Fountain Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum Model Plaster Plaster Model