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&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
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Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
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Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998</text>
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                <text>The businessmen backers of the 1964-65 New York Worldâ€™s Fair aspired to produce an economic boom for the city that would rival the hugely successful New York Worldâ€™s Fair of 1939-40 that brought more than 44 million visitors to the city. Many of these planners, kids during the â€™39-40 Fair, hoped that the experience would be as memorable for their children and families has it had been for them. Dedicated to â€œManâ€™s Achievement on a Shrinking Globe in an Expanding Universe,â€ the Fairâ€™s theme was â€œPeace through Understanding.â€&#13;
&#13;
The Fairâ€™s Sculpture Committee requested that Marshall Fredericks submit a proposal for a sculpture to be included at the event. Fredericks submitted several sketches and the Committee selected a sketch of two figures with swans. Originally the figures in the sketch had wings, but the review panel requested that Fredericks remove them in the final sculpture. According to the artist, the sculpture â€œdepicts human figures as if soaring in migratory flights with huge swans, an ancient symbol of eternal life.â€&#13;
&#13;
One of four major sculptures at the Fair, the sculpture stood in the Court of States at the entrance of the U S Government Pavilion. This marked the second time Fredericks contributed a sculpture to a New York Worldâ€™s Fair, as he previously exhibited a fountain at the 1939 Fair. The Freedom of the Human Spirit still stands at its original location in Flushing Meadows Corona Park in Queens borough.&#13;
&#13;
In 1983, Fredericks donated the design for this sculpture to his adopted hometown of Birmingham, Michigan in honor of the cityâ€™s fiftieth anniversary. Erected in Shain Park, the city financed the sculpture through generous donations from over one thousand individuals and corporations. In 2009, the city of Birmingham renovated the park and relocated the sculpture to an area in the center of the park.&#13;
&#13;
A small-scale casting of Freedom of the Human Spirit also serves as the annual Communications Award for the International Center for the Disabled (ICD), an organization of which Fredericks was a longtime benefactor. </text>
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                  <text>The Marshall M. Fredericks Collection consists of 200 linear feet of materials, including:&#13;
&#13;
Correspondence: (13 linear feet) including personal, foreign ministry, and general correspondence as well as special letters and card received by Fredericks&#13;
&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
Photographs: (25 linear feet) including photographs in a variety of sizes, negatives, and slides relating to Fredericksâ€™ teaching career, projects, civic activities, and personal life&#13;
&#13;
Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
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Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Alternate rear view of the "Cleveland War Memorial: Fountain of Eternal Life"</text>
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 &#13;
Centered within is the 10 Â½ foot sculptured bronze sphere representing the Universe as man has imagined it.  Its design contains symbols of Eternal Life and Spirit derived from ancient myths.  &#13;
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The bronze central figure towers 43 feet above the basin. This figure expresses the main theme of the Fountain: the spirit of mankind rising out of the flames of war and the destructive elements of life, reaching and ascending to a new understanding of life.  &#13;
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Series V, Box 8 Folder 8&#13;
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                  <text>The Marshall M. Fredericks Collection consists of 200 linear feet of materials, including:&#13;
&#13;
Correspondence: (13 linear feet) including personal, foreign ministry, and general correspondence as well as special letters and card received by Fredericks&#13;
&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
Photographs: (25 linear feet) including photographs in a variety of sizes, negatives, and slides relating to Fredericksâ€™ teaching career, projects, civic activities, and personal life&#13;
&#13;
Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
&#13;
Books and Magazines: (16 linear feet) including books and magazines which do not directly relate to Fredericks or his work&#13;
&#13;
Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
&#13;
Awards/Medals/Memorabilia: (16 linear feet) including awards and medals given to Fredericks as well as medals he designed&#13;
&#13;
Video/Films/Audio: (13 linear feet) including media relating to Fredericksâ€™ work, civic interests, and life&#13;
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Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc. &#13;
Figure sculpture, American--20th century. &#13;
Fountains.&#13;
Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 &#13;
Granite sculpture.&#13;
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&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
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Dragons in art.&#13;
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                <text>â€œI did â€¦ a dragon; I called it The Friendly Dragon. The architect said he didn't think he would use it because he said the children would be frightened of a dragon. But children love dragons and it's not an ugly dragon, it's a friendly dragon with a big smile and it's cozy and you can sit on its back on those humps on its back. It's just that he never was a child, I guess, so he doesn't know. So they put up a thing, a structural beam thing. I've never seen a child near it so maybe they didn't get the audience that they wanted really. I think maybe I'll do that Dragon. I like dragons anyway, they're special.â€ (Marshall Fredericks, from a 1981 interview with Joy Colby, The Detroit News art critic.) &#13;
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Throughout his long career, Fredericks often returned to his joyful and whimsical work that involved animals. â€œThe Friendly Dragon, cast twice in 1991, as a pair for the Meijer Gardens, Grand Rapids, Michigan, is a childâ€™s magical dream.  Like a Maurice Sendak illustration (popular author of Where the Wild Things Are), Fredericksâ€™ dragon presents a danger that has become approachable, a wild animal that has become as friendly as a pet.â€  (Marshall M. Fredericks, Sculptor, p. 14)  &#13;
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Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
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Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
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	&#13;
The Fairâ€™s Sculpture Committee requested that Marshall Fredericks submit a proposal for a sculpture to be included at the event. Fredericks submitted several sketches and the Committee selected a sketch of two figures with swans. Originally the figures in the sketch had wings, but the review panel requested that Fredericks remove them in the final sculpture. According to the artist, the sculpture â€œdepicts human figures as if soaring in migratory flights with huge swans, an ancient symbol of eternal life.â€&#13;
&#13;
One of four major sculptures at the Fair, the sculpture stood in the Court of States at the entrance of the U S Government Pavilion. This marked the second time Fredericks contributed a sculpture to a New York Worldâ€™s Fair, as he previously exhibited a fountain at the 1939 Fair. The Freedom of the Human Spirit still stands at its original location in Flushing Meadows Corona Park in Queens borough. &#13;
&#13;
In 1983, Fredericks donated the design for this sculpture to his adopted hometown of Birmingham, Michigan in honor of the cityâ€™s fiftieth anniversary. Erected in Shain Park, the city financed the sculpture through generous donations from over one thousand individuals and corporations. In 2009, the city of Birmingham renovated the park and relocated the sculpture to an area in the center of the park. &#13;
 &#13;
A small-scale casting of Freedom of the Human Spirit also serves as the annual Communications Award for the International Center for the Disabled (ICD), an organization of which Fredericks was a longtime benefactor. &#13;
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&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
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Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
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&#13;
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Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
Photographs: (25 linear feet) including photographs in a variety of sizes, negatives, and slides relating to Fredericksâ€™ teaching career, projects, civic activities, and personal life&#13;
&#13;
Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
&#13;
Books and Magazines: (16 linear feet) including books and magazines which do not directly relate to Fredericks or his work&#13;
&#13;
Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
&#13;
Awards/Medals/Memorabilia: (16 linear feet) including awards and medals given to Fredericks as well as medals he designed&#13;
&#13;
Video/Films/Audio: (13 linear feet) including media relating to Fredericksâ€™ work, civic interests, and life&#13;
&#13;
Ephemera:(8 linear feet) containing portfolio postcards, posters, etc.</text>
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                <text>Alternate side view of "The Expanding Universe Fountain"</text>
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                <text>Bronze sculpture, American--20th century.&#13;
Figure sculpture, American--20th century. &#13;
Fountains.&#13;
Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998&#13;
Harry S. Truman Federal Building (Washington, D.C.)&#13;
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                <text>This fountain celebrates the nation's first exploration of outer space. According to Fredericks, the sculpture "represents this age of great interest, exploration and discovery in outer space...[and] the immensity, order and mystery of the universe.â€&#13;
&#13;
The monumental central figure suggests a superhuman mythological being. Seated upon a ten-foot sphere, covered in a pattern of bright-star constellations, the figure holds two planets that he is sending off into space.  The dynamic spiral orbit-form swirling around the sphere represents the speed and perpetual motion of space.  Play of the water from numerous star-shaped sprays increases the feeling of movement. &#13;
&#13;
The full-scale casting of this sculpture is located in the South Court of the United States State Department Building in Washington, D.C.&#13;
&#13;
The fountain is also known as: "Man and the Expanding Universe"&#13;
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                <text>Hartwick, Maurice C. </text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Marshall M. Fredericks Papers&#13;
Series V, Box 9 Folder 23&#13;
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>V-09-23</text>
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                <text>2149</text>
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                <text>Washington (D.C.)</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>The Marshall M. Fredericks Collection consists of 200 linear feet of materials, including:&#13;
&#13;
Correspondence: (13 linear feet) including personal, foreign ministry, and general correspondence as well as special letters and card received by Fredericks&#13;
&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
Photographs: (25 linear feet) including photographs in a variety of sizes, negatives, and slides relating to Fredericksâ€™ teaching career, projects, civic activities, and personal life&#13;
&#13;
Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
&#13;
Books and Magazines: (16 linear feet) including books and magazines which do not directly relate to Fredericks or his work&#13;
&#13;
Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
&#13;
Awards/Medals/Memorabilia: (16 linear feet) including awards and medals given to Fredericks as well as medals he designed&#13;
&#13;
Video/Films/Audio: (13 linear feet) including media relating to Fredericksâ€™ work, civic interests, and life&#13;
&#13;
Ephemera:(8 linear feet) containing portfolio postcards, posters, etc.</text>
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              <text>Color print</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Alternate side view of "Wings of the Morning" at the foundry</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Animal sculpture--20th century. &#13;
Bronze sculpture, American--20th century.&#13;
Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998&#13;
</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The flying swans represent the atmosphere of the unfolding morning. Fredericks often used swans in his sculptures to symbolize eternal life. The hand of God enfolds the spirit of man as he takes the wings of the morning. The upward flowing contours communicate the optimistic spiritual content of the sculpture.  &#13;
 &#13;
Fredericks was inspired by Psalm 139:9-10: &#13;
&#13;
"If I take the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea; even there shall Thy hand lead me, and Thy right hand shall hold me."  &#13;
&#13;
These verses are inscribed on the pedestal of the bronze cast at Kirk in the Hills Presbyterian Church, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. &#13;
</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="336059">
                <text>Marshall M. Fredericks Papers&#13;
Series V, Box 24 Folder 11&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="336060">
                <text>1990</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="336061">
                <text>Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Archives.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>V-24-11</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Type</name>
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                <text>Image</text>
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        <name>Animal Sculpture</name>
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        <name>Bird</name>
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        <name>Bronze</name>
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      <tag tagId="1757">
        <name>Bronze Sculpture</name>
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        <name>Foundry</name>
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        <name>Sculpture</name>
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        <name>Swan</name>
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        <name>Swans</name>
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        <name>Wings of the Morning</name>
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